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Cape VerdeCape Verde'''Cape Verde''' (Portuguese language|Portuguese: '''Cabo Verde''') is a republic located on an archipelago of the North Atlantic Ocean, off the western coast of Africa. The previously-uninhabited islands were discovered and colonized by the Portugal|Portuguese in the 15th century; they subsequently became a trading centre for African slaves. Most Cape Verdeans descend from both groups. "Cape Verde" is named for Cap-Vert, now in Senegal, the westernmost point of Africa. {| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style="margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" |+<big><big>'''República de Cabo Verde'''</big></big> |- | style="background:#efefef;" align="center" colspan="2" | {| border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" | align="center" width="140px" | Image:Cape verde flag large.png|125px| | align="center" width="140px" | Image:capeverdearms22.PNG |- | align="center" width="140px" | (Flag of Cape Verde|In Detail) | align="center" width="140px" | (Coat of Arms of Cape Verde|Full size) |} |- | align="center" colspan=2 | <small>''National motto: Unity, Work, Progress''</small> |- | align=center colspan=2 | image:LocationCapeVerde.png |- | '''Official language''' | Portuguese language|Portuguese (official) and nine Portuguese Creole|Portuguese creoles |- | '''Capital and Largest City''' | Praia, Cape Verde|Praia |- | '''President of Cape Verde|President''' | Pedro Pires |- | '''Prime Minister of Cape Verde|Prime Minister''' | José Maria Neves |- | '''Area'''<br /> - Total <br /> - % water | List of countries by area|Ranked 146th <br /> 4,033 square kilometre|km² <br /> Negligible |- | '''Population''' <br /> - Total (2001) <br /> - Population density|Density | List of countries by population|Ranked 164th <br /> 401,343 <br /> 101/km² |- | '''Gross Domestic Product|GDP''' (PPP) <br /> - Total <br /> - GDP/head | <br />600 millions $ <br /> 1,400 $ |- | '''Currency''' | CV Escudo |- | '''Time zone''' | Coordinated Universal Time|UTC -1 |- | '''Independence''' <br /> - Recognized | (from Portugal) <br />July 5, 1975 |- | '''National anthem''' | ''Cântico da Liberdade'' |- | '''Top-level domain|Internet TLD''' | .cv |- | '''List_of_country_calling_codes|Calling Code''' | 238 |} == History == ''Main article: History of Cape Verde'' Cape Verde was uninhabited when the Portugal|Portuguese arrived in 1456, and the islands were thus made part of the Portuguese empire. Due to its location off the coast of Africa, Cape Verde became an important port, and was a major center of the slave trade. In 1975, the islands achieved independence, partially due to the efforts of the African Party for the Independence of Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde (Partido Africano da Independência da Guiné e Cabo Verde|PAIGC). After independence, the PAIGC attempted to unite Cape Verde and Guinea-Bissau into one nation, the PAIGC controlling both governments, but a coup in the latter nation in 1980 ended these plans. In Cape Verde itself the PAICV (affiliated with the PAIGC) governed until elections were held in 1991 that resulted in a change of government. The PAICV was re-elected in 2001. == Politics == ''Main article: Politics of Cape Verde'' The government of Cape Verde is based on a Constitution that was established in 1980. Elections are held for both the Prime Minister and President, who both govern for 5-year terms. Members of the General Assembly are elected as well, and they appoint the Supreme Court along with the President and Prime Minister. See also: President of Cape Verde, symbols of Cape Verde|National symbols <br clear="all"/> == Geography == Image:CapeVerde.png|right ''Main article: Geography of Cape Verde'' Cape Verde is an archipelago off the coast of Africa. It is formed by 10 main islands and about 8 islets. The main islands are: *Barlaventos (northern island group) **Santo Antão **São Vicente **Santa Luzia, Cape Verde|Santa Luzia **São Nicolau **Sal, Cape Verde|Sal **Boa Vista, Cape Verde|Boa Vista *Sotaventos (southern island group) **Maio **Santiago, Cape Verde|Santiago **Fogo, Cape Verde|Fogo **Brava, Cape Verde|Brava Of these, only Santa Luzia is uninhabited. Presently it is a Natural Reserve. All islands are volcanic, but an active volcano exists on one of the islands, Fogo. See Mount Fogo. The islets are Branco, Cape Verde|Branco, Razo. == Municipalities == Image:CapeVerdeIslands.jpg|thumb|An aerial view of Cape Verde Image:Mindelo_portogrande.jpg|thumb|Porto Grande - the harbour of Mindelo, Sao Vicente Island Image:Praia_aerialview.jpg|thumb|An aerial view of the capital Praia Cape Verde is divided into 17 municipalities (concelhos, singular - concelho): *Santo Antão|Santo Antão island: **Paúl, Cape Verde|Paúl **Porto Novo, Cape Verde|Porto Novo **Ribeira Grande, Cape Verde|Ribeira Grande *São Vicente island: **São Vicente, Cape Verde|São Vicente *Santa Luzia, Cape Verde|Santa Luzia island (included in S. Vicente concelho) *São Nicolau island: **São Nicolau, Cape Verde|São Nicolau *Sal island: **Sal, Cape Verde|Sal *Boa Vista island: **Boa Vista, Cape Verde|Boa Vista *Maio island: **Maio, Cape Verde|Maio *Santiago, Cape Verde|Santiago island: **Praia, Cape Verde|Praia **Santa Catarina, Cape Verde|Santa Catarina **Santa Cruz, Cape Verde|Santa Cruz **São Domingos, Cape Verde|São Domingos **São Miguel, Cape Verde|São Miguel **Tarrafal, Cape Verde|Tarrafal *Fogo, Cape Verde|Fogo island: **São Filipe, Cape Verde|São Filipe **Mosteiros, Cape Verde|Mosteiros *Brava island: **Brava, Cape Verde|Brava == Economy == ''Main article: Economy of Cape Verde'' Cape Verde is a small nation that lacks resources and has experienced severe droughts as well as water shortages. Agriculture is somewhat stymied by lack of rain, and is restricted to only four islands for most of the year. Most of the nation's GDP is from the services industry. Cape Verde's economy has largely grown since the late 1990s, and is now considered a country of average human development.Cape Verde has a large cooperation with Portugal in every level of the economy, leading it to make its currency fixed, through the Portugese escudo, to the Euro since 1999. Former Portuguese prime minister José Manuel Durão Barroso, now (second semester 2004) president of the European Commission, has promised to help integrate Cape Verde within the European Union influence packed with a greater cooperation with Portugal. In March 2005, former Portuguese president Mário Soares launched a petition urging the European Union to start membership talks with it. == Demographics == ''Main article: Demographics of Cape Verde'' Most inhabitants of Cape Verde are descendants of the white Portuguese settlers and black African slaves. More Cape Verdians live abroad than in Cape Verde, with significant emigrant Cape Verdian communities in the United States (264,900 Cape Verdians), Portugal (80,000) and Angola (45,000). There are also significant number of Cape Verdians in São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, France and the Netherlands. == Culture == ''Main article: Culture of Cape Verde'' The culture of Cape Verde reflects its mixed Portuguese and African roots. It is well known for its diverse forms of music (such as Morna, Capeverdian Fado) and dance (such as Funana, mixed Portuguese and African dance), that are reflective of the diverse origins of Cape Verde's residents. Indigenously, the term "Cabo" is used to refer to residents as well as the culture of Cape Verde. * ''See also'': List of African writers (by country)#Cape Verde|List of writers from Cape Verde * ''See also'': List of painters from Cape Verde ==== Capeverdean Literature ==== The capeverdean literature is one of the most richest of lusitanian Africa. * Poets: [http://www.unb.br/il/liv/public/frusoni.htm Frusoni Sergio], [http://www.eugeniotavares.org/ Tavares Eugénio], B.Léza, João Cleofas Martins, Romano Luís de Madeira Melo, Ovídio Martins, Barbosa Jorge, Fortes Corsino António, Baltasar Lopes (Oswaldo Alcântara), João Vário, Oswaldo Osório, Arménio Vieira, Vadinho Velhinho, José Luís Tavares, etc. * Authors: [http://www.caboindex.com/claridade/ Manuel Lopes - Movimento Claridade], Almeida Germano, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romano_Lu%EDs_de_Madeira_Melo Luís Romano de Madeira Melo], Germano de Almeida, Orlanda Amarilis, Jorge Vera Cruz Barbosa, Pedro Cardoso, Mário José Domingues, Daniel Filipe, Mário Alberto Fonseca de Almeida, Corsino António Fortes, Arnaldo Carlos de Vasconcelos França, António Aurélio Gonçalves, Aguinaldo Brito Fonseca, Ovídio de Sousa Martins , Osvaldo Osório, Dulce Almada Duarte, Manuel Veiga * Compositor: [http://www.caboverdeonline.com/contents/Port/2003/G/04/mn041503.asp Manuel de Novas], Vasco Martins * Poems in Portuguese: [http://home.no.net/oaa/poesia.htm Capeverdean Poems], [http://geocities.yahoo.com.br/poesiaeterna/apepmd.htm Poesia] * [http://home.no/tabanka/literature.htm Capeverdean Literature] * Famous tales: [http://www.minerva.uevora.pt/aprenderpt/jogoproj/tilobo.html Ti Lobo and Chibinho] == Language == Cape Verde's official language is Portuguese, but Portuguese Creoles (Crioulo, Criol, Krioulo, Caboverdiano) are widely used. Each of the 9 inhabited islands of Cape Verde has its own creole. We can distinguish between two main groups: * Sotavento Creoles: Creole of Santiago ([http://www.priberam.pt/dcvpo/dcvpo.aspx Badiu]), Maio, Fogo and [http://www.bcv.cv/_conteudo/dinheiro/nota/1999/2000.htm# Brava]. * Barlavento Creoles: Creole of São Vicente ([http://www.mindelo.info/dico_accueil.html Criol d'Soncente, Criol d' Saocente]), [http://www.terravista.pt/fernoronha/2651/crioulo.html São Nicolau], Sal, Boavista and [http://membres.lycos.fr/pontadosol/pontadosol/presentsite.htm Santo Antão] The greatest differences in the different capeverdean creole languages are between the creole of Santiago and the creole of Santo Antão. There exist no complete bible translation. Sergio Frusoni translated however Bartolomeo Rossetti's version of the New Testament from the Roman dialect (ER VANGELO SECONNO NOANTRI) into the Capeverdean creole of São Vicente under the title: '''Vangêle contód d'nôs móda'''. '''The crioulo language was promoted for example by following poets or authors:''' * Crioulo of Brava: Tavares Eugénio, Deirdre Meintel * Crioulo of Santiago: António de Paula Brito, Carlos Barbosa, Tomé Varela da Silva, Daniel Spínola * Crioulo of São Nicolau: Eduaro Augusto Cardoso, Baltasar Lopes da Silva * Crioulo of Santo Antão: Romano Luís de Madeira Melo * Crioulo of São Vicente: Frusoni Sergio, Ovídio Martins * Sotavento Creoles: Armando Napoleão Rodrigues Fernandes, Veiga Manuel, Marlyse Baptista, Nicolas Quint * Barlavento Creoles: Armando Napoleão Rodrigues Fernandes, Maria Dulce de Oliveira Almada ==== Capeverdian Creole (Crioulo) links ==== *[http://www.unb.br/il/liv/public/frusoni.htm Sergio Frusoni (Work of Sergio Frusoni-Crioulo of São Vicente)] *[http://caboverdetimorpoesia.com.sapo.pt/ Adriano Gominho (Creole of São Nicolau)] *[http://www.bcv.cv/_conteudo/dinheiro/nota/1999/2000.htm# "Morna aguada" from Eugenio Tavares (Creole of Brava)] *[http://www.capeverdeancreoleinstitute.org/lusiadas_na_kriolu.htm Extracts from 'OS LUSÍADAS' in the creole of Santo Antão] *[http://www.clubetabanka.com/cv/creole.asp Perspective on Capeverdean Crioulo] == Newspapers == Newspapers: *A Semana (Praia,1991-), Expresso das Ilhas, Journal O Cidadao (São Vicente) , Jornal Horizonte (Praia, 1988-), Terra Nova (S.Vicente, 1975-), Artiletra (S.Vicente, 1991-) Newspapers Online: *[http://www.asemana.cv/ A Semana], [http://www.inforpress.cv/ Infopress], [http://www.hostultra.com/~caboverde/cidadao/index.htm O Cidadao], [http://www.paralelo14.com/p14/index.php Paralelo 14], [http://www.vozdipovo-online.com/ Voz di Povo] == Miscellaneous topics == * Communications in Cape Verde * Transportation in Cape Verde * Military of Cape Verde * Foreign relations of Cape Verde * Community of Portuguese Language Countries * Public holidays in Cape Verde * Immigration History to United States == External links and references == *[http://www.ecaboverde.com Cape Verde Photo Gallery] *[http://www.cabos.net Cape Verde Domain Registration ''Faça o registo de seu domínio''] *[http://www.cabonet.org The Cape Verdean Portal] *[http://www.caboverde24.com Cape Verde Portal] *Much of the material in these articles comes from the CIA World Factbook 2000 and the 2003 U.S. Department of State website. *[http://kapverden.nano-web.de/search/search.pl International Searchengine for Cabo Verde] *[http://kapverden.nano-web.de/gallery Cape Verde Photogallery] *[http://home.no/tabanka/ Capeverdean cultural resource site] *[http://www.cvmusicworld.com/ CVMusicWorld] - News about Cape Verdean Music {{Africa}} Category:Cape Verde|* Category:Island nations Category:African Union member states ar:الرأس الأخضر bn:কেপ ভের্দ ca:Cap Verd de:Kap Verde et:Cabo Verde es:Cabo Verde fr:Cap-Vert he:קייפ ורדה gl:Cabo Verde ko:카부베르드 ia:Capo Verde id:Tanjung Verde io:Kabo Verda it:Capo Verde lt:Žaliasis Kyšulys lv:Kaboverde nl:Kaapverdië ja:カーボベルデ minnan:Chheⁿ-kak Kiōng-hô-kok nds:Kap Verde no:Kapp Verde pl:Republika Zielonego Przylądka pt:Cabo Verde ru:Кабо-Верде sl:Zelenortski otoki sr:Зеленортска острва fi:Kap Verde sv:Kap Verde zh:佛得角 First page | Prev | Next | Last page | This article on Cape Verde is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. 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