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SomalilandSomaliland'''Somaliland''' (Somali language|Somali: '''Soomaaliland''', pronounced '''So·ma·li·land''' in English language|English) is a former United Kingdom|British territory located in the northwest region of Somalia in the Horn of Africa. In May of 1991, northern clans declared an independent '''Republic of Somaliland''' that now includes five of the eighteen administrative regions of Somalia, roughly the region between Ethiopia, Djibouti and the Gulf of Aden, an area of about 137,600 square kilometres. The capital of Somaliland is Hargeisa. Although not recognized by any government, this entity has maintained a stable existence, aided by the overwhelming dominance of a ruling clan and economic infrastructure left behind by United Kingdom|British, Russian, and United States|American military assistance programs. {| border=1 align=right cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 width=300 style="margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background: #ffffff; border: 1px #aaaaaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" |+<big><big>'''Jamhuuriyadda Soomaaliland<br>Republic of Somaliland'''</big></big> |- | style=background:#ffffff; align=center colspan=2 | {| border=0 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=0 | align=center width=120px | Image:Somaliland-flag.gif|Flag of Somaliland |- | align=center width=120px | (Flag of Somaliland|In Detail) |} |- | align=center style="vertical-align: top;" colspan=2 | <small>''List of state mottos|National motto: none''</small> |- | '''Official language''' | Somali language|Somali |- | '''Capital''' | Hargeisa |- | '''List of Presidents of Somaliland|President''' | Dahir Riyale Kahin |- | '''Area'''<br> - Total<br> | <br>1 E11 m²|137,600 km² |- | '''Population'''<br> - Total <br> - Population density|Density | <br>1,000,000 - 1,500,000<br>25/km² |- | '''Independence'''<br> - Declared<br> - Recognition | From Somalia<br> - 1991<br> - none |- | '''Currency''' | Somaliland shilling |- | '''Time zone''' | UTC+3 |- | '''National anthem''' | ? |- | '''Top-level domain|Internet TLD''' | none |- | '''List of country calling codes|Calling code''' | 252 |} ==History== Formerly the British Somaliland Protectorate, shortly after gaining independence British Somaliland merged with Italian Somaliland in 1960 to form Somalia. The prime minister of British Somaliland, Ibrahim Egal, became a minister in the new republic of Somalia. He became Prime Minister in 1967 but a coup deposed him in 1969. In 1991, after the collapse of the government in Somalia, the territory asserted its independence as the Republic of Somaliland, although it has received little if any international recognition. Egal was elected president in 1993, re-elected in 1998 and remained in power until his death on May 3, 2002. The vice president Dahir Riyale Kahin was declared the new president shortly afterwards. Since independence Somaliland has been trying to extend its domination to Sanaag and Sool regions. Colonel Abdullahi Yusuf's Puntlander forces have led several invasions to defend these areas those considered to be a part of Puntland State. Somaliland is trying to declare independency but without Sanag and Sool it is lacking in the land needed to make the state economically viable. ==Geography== image:somaliland-map-en.png|thumbnail|250px|Region claimed by Somaliland Somaliland borders Djibouti, Ethiopia and Puntland. The 6 regions of Somalia within Somaliland include: * Awdal * Saaxil * Hargeysa * Togdheer * Sanaag * Sool The general population has been estimated as between 2.5 - 3.5 million. Estimates put the population of the capital Hargeisa at 500,000 to 800,000, although these estimates are unreliable as a result of no census having been taken recently, and the rapid urbanisation in the Somalia and Somaliland regions since 1991. ==See also== *Elections in Somaliland *Somaliland Democracy *List of Presidents of Somaliland *French Somaliland *Places That Don't Exist - BBC Television series on unrecognised nations ==External links== * [http://www.somalilandgov.com/ Somaliland official website] * [http://www.aftahan.com/ Somali Culture & Literature site] * [http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200304/cmhansrd/vo040204/halltext/40204h03.htm United Kingdom parliamentary debate on recognition of Somaliland], February 4th 2004 led by Tony Worthington * [http://www.electionworld.org/somaliland.htm Article at electionworld.org] Provides historical background and information about last election. * [http://www.somaliland.org/ Somaliland.Org] In Somali and English, regularly updated with searchable archives. * [http://www.radiosomaliland.com/ Radio Somaliland] Both in Somali and English, frequent updates. * [http://www.somali-info.com/ Somali-Info.com] Categorized articles and updated news feeds and photo gallery. * [http://www.somalilandtimes.net/ Somaliland Times] * [http://smh.com.au/articles/2004/06/04/1086203619082.html Travel report from smh.com.au] * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/3794847.stm Somaliland BBC Country Profile] {{Somalia_Regions}} Category:Somaliland Category:Eastern Africa Category:Somalia Category:Disputed territories da:Somaliland de:Somaliland et:Somaalimaa fr:Somaliland id:Somaliland it:Somaliland ja:ソマリランド lt:Somalilandas nl:Somaliland pl:Somaliland sa:सोमालिलैंड sv:Somaliland zh:索马里兰 First page | Prev | Next | Last page | This article on Somaliland is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. 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